Humanoid Robots
UBTECH Robotics — company photo
Humanoid RobotsIndustrial HumanoidEmbodied AIService Robotics

UBTECH Robotics

优必选科技

Industrial humanoids, embodied AI, intelligent service robots and logistics automation.

HQShenzhen, Guangdong, China
Founded2012

Core robot products

Walker, Walker S, Walker S1 and Walker S2 industrial humanoidsWalker C / Walker C1 and Cruzr commercial service robotsAI education robots and platforms, commercial delivery and consumer robotsAutonomous logistics solutions, including Wali U1500Thinker foundation model, Thinker-WM world model and Thinker-VLA action modelBrainNet 2.0, Co-Agent and ROSA 2.0UWORLD U1

Key industries

Automotive manufacturingIndustrial logistics and factory operationsCommercial services and retail logisticsAI educationHealthcare and elderly careConsumer robotics

Applications & cases

BYD — Walker S1 handling and coordination with autonomous logistics systemsNIO — Walker S at F2 for final assembly and quality inspectionFAW-Volkswagen — Walker S Lite quality inspection in QingdaoGeely / Zeekr — Walker S Lite parcel-tote handling in a smart warehouseFoxconn — Walker S2 and Wali U1500 automated parts feedingSANY Renewable Energy — Walker S2 precision handling and assemblyHitachi — humanoid applications and manufacturing-floor validation
01

Company overview

UBTECH Robotics (优必选科技) is a Shenzhen-based robotics company founded in 2012. It develops humanoid robots, intelligent service robots and related AI and robotics technologies, with a growing focus on embodied-AI humanoids for industrial environments. UBTECH was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on December 29, 2023, under stock code 9880. Its industrial humanoid portfolio is led by the Walker S series. UBTECH’s broader business also includes service robots, education robots and autonomous logistics solutions. The company’s stated technology architecture combines embodied-AI brain, humanoid control, high-performance hardware and swarm intelligence. According to its 2025 annual report, revenue rose from RMB1.305 billion in 2024 to approximately RMB2.0 billion in 2025; gross profit reached RMB753.8 million, with a gross margin of 37.7%. The company continued to report a net loss in 2025, so revenue growth should not be confused with overall profitability. UBTECH reports a real-robot dataset of approximately 11 million entries, more than 80% of which consist of industrial-scene data. As of June 2026, it reported 3,112 granted patents. Both figures are company-reported.
02

About the founder — Zhou Jian (周剑)

Zhou Jian (周剑) is the founder and chairman of UBTECH. The company’s development has spanned humanoid robotics, servo actuators, consumer and education robots, commercial service robots and, more recently, industrial embodied-AI systems. Long-term investment in core hardware: UBTECH developed servo actuators early in its history and subsequently expanded into full humanoid platforms. Full-stack development: The company says it has developed core humanoid hardware and software capabilities internally, covering perception, motion control, manipulation and AI decision-making. From demonstrations to industrial tasks: Its Walker series evolved from general humanoid development toward tasks such as handling, sorting, inspection and assembly in factories. Platform ambition: UBTECH is developing its AI models, robot-management systems and multi-robot coordination capabilities alongside its hardware portfolio. These points describe the company’s disclosed strategy; they should not be read as independent proof that every capability is mature or commercially validated at scale.
03

Company evolution

2012

UBTECH was established to research, develop and design robots.

2014–2018

The Alpha small humanoid was developed in 2014; the first-generation Walker humanoid followed in 2018. UBTECH also reported reaching one million cumulative servo actuators produced in 2018.

2017–2020

UBTECH expanded commercialization of Cruzr service robots and education robots, and launched logistics robotics products and solutions.

2021–2023

Walker X was developed in 2021; commercialization began in 2022. UBTECH developed Walker S for industrial applications in 2023 and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in December of that year.

2024

UBTECH released Walker S1 and reported that Walker S-series robots began training in multiple automotive factories.

2025

UBTECH launched Walker S2, developed multi-robot industrial training programs and began mass production and delivery of the new generation.

2026

UBTECH announced collaborations with Hitachi and European robotics integrator Terra Robotics, with Walker S2 entering manufacturing validation and retail-logistics deployment programs. It also launched Walker C1 and UWORLD U1.

Strategic evolution

From servo actuators to industrial humanoids.

04

Customer & deployment evidence

UBTECH’s public customer evidence is particularly concentrated in automotive manufacturing, industrial logistics and factory operations. The examples below are reported by UBTECH on its official industrial-solutions pages and company announcements. They demonstrate customer engagement and specific application work, but they do not all establish long-term, fully autonomous, production-scale operation. The diversified portfolio distinguishes UBTECH from companies focused primarily on humanoid hardware. It also means the company’s total revenue should not be interpreted as revenue from humanoid robots alone.

Automotive manufacturing

BYD: UBTECH says Walker S1 entered a BYD factory for handling tasks and integration with autonomous logistics vehicles, AMRs/AGVs and manufacturing-management systems. NIO: Walker S at the F2 advanced manufacturing base for final assembly and quality inspection. FAW-Volkswagen: Walker S Lite in a Qingdao quality-inspection scenario. Geely / Zeekr: Walker S Lite trained for parcel-tote handling in a Zeekr factory smart warehouse.

Other industrial applications

Foxconn: UBTECH reports Walker S2 and Wali U1500 working together on automated parts feeding at the New Energy Vehicle R&D Centre. SANY Renewable Energy: Walker S2 entered a wind-power smart factory for precision handling and assembly. Hitachi: 2026 collaboration on humanoid applications, including validation on a Hitachi Elevator manufacturing floor.

Commercial & service robotics

Cruzr commercial service robots, AI education robots and platforms, commercial delivery robots, healthcare and elderly-care solutions, and consumer robotics products complement the industrial humanoid portfolio.

05

BYD — Humanoid robots in automotive manufacturing

Walker S1 — Factory handling and coordination with autonomous logistics systems

Client: BYD | Robot: Walker S1 | Industry: Automotive manufacturing UBTECH reports that Walker S1 entered a BYD factory to perform handling tasks. The company describes the application as integrating the humanoid robot with autonomous logistics vehicles, AMRs/AGVs and intelligent manufacturing-management systems. Application Handling materials within a factory workflow; coordinating with autonomous logistics vehicles and mobile robots; connecting robot task execution with manufacturing-management systems; and exploring humanoid robots in production environments where workstations and workflows may change. Why this case matters The important point is the system-level integration. In a factory, the humanoid robot is only one part of the workflow: it must perceive the work area, manipulate objects, coordinate with other equipment and fit into production scheduling. UBTECH’s stated direction is to make Walker operate as part of a wider smart-manufacturing system rather than as a standalone demonstration robot. Important caveat The BYD example is described in UBTECH’s own materials. The public page does not provide a detailed independent audit of operating hours, task success, productivity gains or the deployment’s commercial scale. It should therefore be treated as a disclosed industrial application, not proof of mature, fully autonomous deployment across BYD factories.
06

Competitive moat

01

Full-stack humanoid technology

UBTECH’s stated technology stack covers AI models, perception, whole-body motion control, dexterous manipulation, servo actuators and robot bodies. Its Thinker family includes a foundation model, world model and vision-language-action model. This breadth may help coordinate development across physical and software layers. Outperformance requires task-level benchmarking rather than company positioning alone.

02

Industrial task orientation

Walker S and S2 are designed around factory work such as parcel handling, sorting, quality inspection, screw tightening, assembly and material handling. This gives UBTECH a relatively clear industrial product direction compared with companies primarily active in research or general demonstrations.

03

Hardware and component experience

UBTECH’s history includes servo actuators, early humanoid platforms and service robots. Its disclosed development of high-performance actuators, dexterous hands and whole-body motion control provides a technical base for building and maintaining humanoid systems.

04

Industrial data and AI development

UBTECH reports approximately 11 million real-robot dataset entries, more than 80% from industrial scenes. Thinker, Thinker-WM and Thinker-VLA sit alongside BrainNet 2.0 and Co-Agent for multi-robot coordination. Real deployments could support a feedback loop between tasks, robot performance and model refinement. Dataset size alone does not prove model quality or generalization.

05

Customer access and system integration

Disclosed relationships with BYD, NIO, FAW-Volkswagen, Foxconn, SANY RE and Hitachi provide access to different industrial workflows. Humanoids require integration with existing equipment, safety practices, production schedules and factory IT. The moat would strengthen if pilots and validation progress to repeatable deployments with documented productivity, uptime and cost outcomes.

06

A broader robotics business

Industrial humanoids complement service, education, logistics and consumer robotics, providing multiple product categories, commercialization experience and a broader customer ecosystem. Total company revenue is not a direct measure of industrial humanoid adoption.

07

Key limitation to monitor

Industrial trials, customer announcements and shipments do not automatically establish sustained productivity advantages or profitability. The 2025 annual report shows revenue and gross profit growth, but a continued net loss. Future evaluation should focus on recurring deployments, uptime, task success, human-supervision requirements, unit economics and repeat orders.

Sources & methodology

Representative top-10, weighted by 2025 shipment volume and 2026 commercialization and technology momentum; no official China-wide top-10 ranking exists.